California

A Survey of Potential Geopressured Resource Areas in California

Basic Information
Author: 
Sanyal, S.K.
Author: 
Robertson-Tait, A.
Author: 
Kraemer, M.
Author: 
Buening, N.
Description: 
This paper presents the initial results of a survey of the occurrence and characteristics of geopressured fluid resources in California using the publicly-available database involving more than 150,000 oil and gas wells drilled in the State. Of the 975 documented on-shore oil and gas pools studied, about 42% were identified as potentially geopressured. Geothermal gradients in California oil and gas fields lie within the normal range of 1°F to 2°F per 100 feet. Except for the Los Angeles Basin, there was no evidence of higher temperatures or temperature gradients in geopressured pools. The porosity of geopressured pools shows the same normal distribution as for normal pressured pools, with a mode in the range of 20 to 25%. The salinity distribution of both the geopressured and normal pressured pools appear to be bimodal, each with two peak ranges of 0 to 10,000 and 25,000 to 30,000 ppm.
Publication Date: 
Friday, January 1, 1993
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Resource ID: 
SGP-TR-145
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
42.3772
South bounding latitude: 
32.4198
West bounding longitude: 
-125.068
East bounding longitude: 
-113.027

The Nature and Occurrence of Geopressured Resource Areas in the State Of California, USA

Basic Information
Author: 
Sanyal, S.K.
Author: 
Robertson-Tait, A.
Description: 
The publicly available database on oil and gas fields in California provides a significant and consistent source of information which can be used to evaluate geopressure. A total of 410 pools have pressure gradients exceeding 0.45 psi/foot; these are considered to be potentially geopressured. At least 70 of these have pressures distinctly higher than predicted by the regional hydrostatic gradient, and 8 pools are super pressured.
Publication Date: 
Saturday, January 1, 2000
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
42.2472
South bounding latitude: 
31.8989
West bounding longitude: 
-124.717
East bounding longitude: 
-113.994

Stratigraphic and Structural Controls of the Occurrence of Steam at the Geysers

Basic Information
Author: 
McNitt, J.R.
Author: 
Henneberger, R.C.
Author: 
Koenig, J.B.
Author: 
Robertson-Tait, A.
Description: 
The purposes of this paper are to review the stratigraphic and structural models which have been developed for The Geysers from surface mapping, propose a model which is the most compatible with drilling results and, based on the preferred model, show how stratigraphy and structure control the occurrence of steam.
Publication Date: 
Saturday, April 1, 1989
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
38.979
South bounding latitude: 
38.0506
West bounding longitude: 
-122.948
East bounding longitude: 
-121.311

Some Aspects of Geopressured Resources in California

Basic Information
Author: 
Sanyal, S.K.
Author: 
Robertson-Tait, A.
Description: 
This paper presents the results of a continuing study of geopressured resources in California. Three aspects of geopressured resources were examined in this study: the identification of geopressured zones in wells; quantification of the excess pressure from well logs; and the quantity of dissolved methane in California geopressured fluids.
Publication Date: 
Friday, January 1, 1993
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Access Statement: 
Abstract available online at http://www.geothermex.com/files/Sanyal_1993-2.pdf For a copy of this paper please e-mail us at mw@geothermex.com
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
39.1837
South bounding latitude: 
33.8183
West bounding longitude: 
-122.344
East bounding longitude: 
-116.719
Previous Citation
Bibliographic Citation: 
Sanyal, S.K., Robertson-Tait, A., Kraemer, M., and Buening, N., 1993. SOME ASPECTS OF GEOPRESSURED RESOURCES IN CALIFORNIA. GeothermEx, Inc.,Richmond, California.California Energy Commission Sacramento, California

Results from A Field-Wide Numerical Model of the Geysers Geothermal Field, California

Basic Information
Author: 
Pham, Minh
Author: 
Menzies, A.J.
Description: 
A numerical simulation model of The Geysers geothermal field, California, has been developed using reservoir and production data provided by UNOCAL, Calpine, NCPA and CCPA. The model was originally developed by UNOCAL and was based primarily on data from the Unocal-NEC-Thermal (U-N-T) lease areas; the purpose of this study was to extend the model by incorporating data from other field operators and to use the re-calibrated model to forecast future production trends.
Publication Date: 
Tuesday, February 16, 1993
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Access Statement: 
Abstract available online at http://www.geothermex.com/files/Pham_1993-1.pdf For a copy of this paper please e-mail us at mw@geothermex.com
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
38.7566
South bounding latitude: 
37.5645
West bounding longitude: 
-123.289
East bounding longitude: 
-121.729
Previous Citation
Bibliographic Citation: 
Pham, M., and Menzies, A.J, 1993. Results from A Field-Wide Numerical Model of the Geysers Geothermal Field, California. GeothermEx, Inc.,Richmond, California.

Reducing Cost and Environmental Impact of Geothermal Power Through Modeling of Chemical Processes in the Reservoir

Basic Information
Author: 
Pham, Minh
Author: 
Klein, C.W.
Author: 
Sanyal, S.K.
Description: 
Geothermal power generation and mineral extraction from geothermal brines are affected by chemical processes within the reservoir. Until recently, numerical simulation technology for geothermal systems could not handle most chemical processes, except for tracking total salinity, one or two non-condensable gases, and non-reactive tracers. The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) has developed an enhanced version of their geothermal reservoir simulation software TOUGH2, developed with funding from the U.S. Department of Energy. This highly innovative software (TOUGHREACT) includes comprehensive chemical interactions between liquid, gaseous and solid phases that are coupled to the modeling of solute transport and subsurface multiphase fluid and heat flow.
Publication Date: 
Monday, January 1, 2001
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Access Statement: 
Abstract available online at http://www.geothermex.com/files/Pham_2001-1.pdf For a copy of this paper please e-mail us at mw@geothermex.com
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
38.7737
South bounding latitude: 
34.9786
West bounding longitude: 
-121.816
East bounding longitude: 
-117.246
Previous Citation
Bibliographic Citation: 
Pham, M., Klein, C.W., Sanyal, S.K., Xu, T., and Pruess, K, 2001. Reducing Cost and Environmental Impact of Geothermal Power Through Modeling of Chemical Processes in the Reservoir. GeothermEx, Inc.,Richmond, California. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California.

Potential Sites and Experiments for Enhanced Geothermal Systems In The Western United States

Basic Information
Author: 
Robertson-Tait, Ann
Author: 
Lovekin, J.W.
Description: 
The Department of Energy's EGS Strategic Plan anticipates that EGS experimentation in the United States will be underway by 2004 in areas within or adjaeent to commerciallydeveloped hydrothermal fields, and that an EGS demonstration plant will begin operating in 2008. Criteria for selecting sites for EGS experimentation focus on enhancing energy recovery at producing fields while advancing the EGS knowledge base incrementally towards a demonstration project. With input from field operators, basic characteristics and information on the type of EGS work that may be undertaken are presented for 15 producing fields and 2 unexploited fields. Six producing fields meet 90 - 100% of the site selection criteria and 9 meet 60 - 70%. The use of EGS techniques to supply an existing facility has the advantages of low cost, support from the geothermal industry and demonstration of applicability to a variety of conversion technologies. This approach seeks to reduce EGS risk and uncertainty, promoting the transition from research to commercial evelopment.
Publication Date: 
Saturday, January 1, 2000
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Access Statement: 
Abstract available online at http://www.geothermex.com/files/file_4858281834f72.pdf For a copy of this paper please e-mail us at mw@geothermex.com
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
38.4991
South bounding latitude: 
35.8382
West bounding longitude: 
-121.992
East bounding longitude: 
-117.07
Previous Citation
Bibliographic Citation: 
Ann Robertson-Tait and James Loveki, 2000. Potential Sites and Experiments for Enhanced Geothermal Systems In The Western United States. GeothermEx, Inc.,Richmond, California.

Potential Improvements to Existing Geothermal Facilities in California

Basic Information
Author: 
Lovekin, J.W.
Author: 
Sanyal, S.K.
Author: 
Sener, A.C.
Author: 
Tiangco, V.
Author: 
Gutiérrez-Santana, P
Description: 
This paper summarizes the results of a recent study (the Facilities Improvement Report) performed with funding by the Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) program of the California Energy Commission (CEC). The Facilities Improvement Report describes potential improvements to 45 existing power plants in 7 currently producing geothermal fields in California. The improvements are of two general types: improvements in resource supply and improvements in surface facilities. To resolve inconsistencies in reported plant capacities, distinctions are made between original capacity, electromechanical capacity, 2005 capacity (which takes into account resource limitations), and actual annual average power. The total electro-mechanical capacity of the geothermal plants in California is about 2,650 MW-gross, and the 2005 capacity is about 1,850 MW-gross (1,600 MW-net).
Publication Date: 
Sunday, January 1, 2006
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Access Statement: 
Abstract available online at http://www.geothermex.com/files/Lovekin_2006-1.pdf For a copy of this paper please e-mail us at mw@geothermex.com
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
42.1821
South bounding latitude: 
32.4198
West bounding longitude: 
-124.805
East bounding longitude: 
-113.818
Previous Citation
Bibliographic Citation: 
Lovekin, J.W., Sanyal, S.K., Sener, A.C., Tiangco, V., and Gutiérrez-Santana, P., 2006. Potential Improvements to Existing Geothermal Facilities in California. GeothermEx, Inc.,Richmond, California. George Washington University. California Energy Commission.

Optimization of Power Generation from Moderate Temperature Geothermal Systems – A Case History

Basic Information
Author: 
Sanyal, S.K.
Author: 
Kitz, K.
Author: 
Glaspey, D.
Description: 
Advances in binary-cycle power and submersible pump technologies over the past two decades have made electric power generation from geothermal fields in the moderate temperature range (100° to 180°C) convincingly commercial. For geothermal water in this temperature range, binary-cycle is more efficient for power conversion than flash-cycle and pumping of wells is more efficient than self flowing. The lower temperature limit of 100°C is imposed by the limits of binary-cycle technology and the upper limit of 180°C is imposed by the limits of pump technology commercially available today. This paper is a case study of optimization of net power generation from such a field at Raft River, in the State of Idaho, United States.
Publication Date: 
Saturday, January 1, 2005
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Access Statement: 
Abstract available online at http://www.geothermex.com/files/Sanyal_2005-4.pdf For a copy of this paper please e-mail us at mw@geothermex.com
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
38.2925
South bounding latitude: 
37.4425
West bounding longitude: 
-122.805
East bounding longitude: 
-120.905
Previous Citation
Bibliographic Citation: 
Sanyal, S.K., Kitz, K., and Glaspey, D., 2005. Optimization of Power Generation from Moderate Temperature Geothermal Systems – A Case History . GeothermEx, Inc., Richmond, California.

One Discipline, Two Arenas - Reservoir Engineering In Geothermal And Petroleum Industries

Basic Information
Author: 
Sanyal, S.K.
Description: 
The similarities and differences ill reservoir engineering in the geothermal and petroleum industries are not familiar to many. This unfamiliarity frequently leads to aberrant perception of the risks and rewards of geothermal development in the minds of developers and financiers who are accustomed to the petroleum industry but are new to geothermal. This paper is a comparative survey of the state-of-the-art of reservoir engineering in the two industries.
Publication Date: 
Wednesday, January 1, 2003
Resource Language: 
English
Intelectual Originator Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Resource Information
Access Statement: 
Abstract available online at http://www.geothermex.com/files/file_4858288b219d6.pdf For a copy of this paper please e-mail us at mw@geothermex.com
Resource Distribution Contact
Organization Name: 
GeothermEx, Inc.
Street Address: 
3260 Blume Drive,Suite 220
City: 
Richmond
State/Province: 
CA
Postal Code: 
94806
Country: 
United States
Phone: 
510-527-9876
Fax: 
510-527-8164
Geographic Extent
North bounding latitude: 
38.2234
South bounding latitude: 
34.8345
West bounding longitude: 
-122.52
East bounding longitude: 
-117.422
Previous Citation
Bibliographic Citation: 
Subir K. Sanya, 2010. One Discipline, Two Arenas - Reservoir Engineering In Geothermal And Petroleum Industries . GeothermEx, Inc., Richmond, California.
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